Several interlinked shifts are leading to a whole new ecology within book publishing.   First is the loss of jobs in the industry.  Over the past year, for example, employment in print related industries, including book publishing, has fallen by almost 90,000 jobs.  Second, as technology plays a bigger role in all aspects of book publishing, many publishing jobs are becoming obsolete or are being radically transformed.  Third, the expectations that publishers have of authors is changing.  More and more, authors are asked to do a greater share of the marketing for their titles both before and after publication.

At the same time,  the continuing democritization of book publishing means that more books are being produced and marketed than ever before despite the down economy. These trends are symptomatic of an ongoing process of creative destruction and haves created a (mostly) freelance ecology of contractors who are retooling for the new era in publishing,

In addition to the traditional freelance jobs associated with the development of a book, here are some examples of non-traditional jobs this new ecosystem does or might include:

  • Ghost blogger – Many authors use blogs now as a way to build and maintain an audience for their work.  But blogging can be time consuming and the pace of frequent blogging can be demanding.  A ghost blogger is an individual that writes blog posts or tweets on behalf of an author.
  • Blog tour specialist – A person who sets up and manages blog tours, where an author’s work is reviewed on blog sites pertinent to the book’s content.

How to Create a Virtual Book Tour

  • Social media specialist – Someone who monitors and manages an author’s online presence, especially as it relates to the use of social sites like Facebook, Twitter, Shelfari and the like.  Many folks from the realms of traditional book PR are moving into this area.
  • Book project manager – As more of the work of marketing titles shifts to authors, they will need the assistance of a team of specialists who can help them get the greatest possible exposure for their work.  The role of this person is to help guide the author through the maze of choices and assemble / manage the right team of people for their book project.
  • Web developer – The continuing incursion of technology into book publishing arena brings with it the need for experts to help with author website development, widget creation, even database setup for certain types of titles.
  • E-book conversion specialists – There are now many e-book formats, some easier to navigate than others.  A number of companies and individuals now provide assistance with getting titles converted into all the major formats and making sure they look good in those formats.
  • Book video producers – Book trailers are becoming a popular and effective marketing tool.  Creating and distributing a quality video usually requires expertise outside that of the author or their publisher.
  • Analytics interpreter – These days, authors and publishers can be awash in numbers- e.g. website traffic, blog metrics, book sales data from BookScan, social media stats.  Gathering and interpreting this data will become more important as we move from intuition based to evidence based publishing.  Making sense of it all could become a specialty of its own.
  • Online writing coaches – This individual works with authors making the transition to new, compressed forms of writing – e.g. mobile phones, blogs, Twitter, etc.

The emergence of a new book publishing ecosystem is inevitable as the industry embraces technology.  It offers new opportunities and hope for those who have been displaced from book publishing firms over the last decade.


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While blog touring is still relatively new as a book marketing and promotion strategy, some anecdotal learning and tribal knowledge are beginning to emerge.  There are a number of good reasons why authors, publishers and book marketers should consider blog tours.  The blogosphere is:

  • Influential – 12 of the top 100 media properties in the US are now blogs
  • Large – 100+ million blogs & over 1.3 million posts daily
  • Global
  • Mainstream

Since blogs often bear the personal imprint of their owners, it is easy to forget that they can be powerful media properties.  For example, in May 2008, Nielsen Online reported monthly audience numbers for some of the top blogs.  Here is a sampling:

BLOG

VISITORS (million)

Huffington Post

4.71

sport.aol.com/fanhouse

3.94

PerezHilton.com

2.13

Engadget

2.04

Gawker

2.01

 

One important consideration is which blogs to invite to a blog tour.  Bill Rederick’s approach to selecting blogs for a tour is highlighted in this guest post on All Book Marketing.  Bill is the author of My Virtul Book Tour Secrets!, which covers blog touring in depth.  He describes his formula that involves combining seven factors to determine a blog’s suitability.

Author Karen Harrington who recently conducted a blog tour to promote her book Janeology(published by Kunati Books) shared her experiences and learning in a recent post.  She used the firm PumpUpYourBookPromotion.comto manage her tour.  She was accompanied on her virtual tour by other writers and found this helped amplify the positive results she achieved.  She also found that the blog tour had an “echo effect” with many bloggers who became aware of the tour contacting her about follow-on interviews.  She also noted that many of the bloggers on her tour also posted on Shelfari and LibraryThing giving her book additional exposure.

Another example of a blog tour, for author Mary DeMuth’s (Authentic Parenting) blog tour in late 2007, was showcased on Gooward Editing.  It demonstrtes some important lessons learned about blog touring and provides a good analysis of the data used to evaluate the success of the tour. 

Author Susan Wittig Albert has had expreience with both blog tours and traditional book tours.  She compared the two types of promotion in an interview on Blog Book Tours.  She liked the convenience and low cost of the blog tour, but felt it lacked the impact with readers of a conventional book tour.

Ben McConnell & Jackie Huba

Ben McConnell & Jackie Huba

The authors of Citizen Marketers, Ben McConnell and Jackie Huba, provided a new twist on the traditional book tour.   In October 2006, they asked readers of their blog, Church of the Customer, to help them select cities for their upcoming book tour.  Readers could invite them to speak at events in their locala area.  As a result, they went on a book tour that spanned 40 venues in 5 months.  They sold almost 7,500 copies of  their book and in the process tripled traffic to their blog.   Nice work!

intrepid explorers

intrepid explorers

The blog tour is coming of age in step with the maturing of the blogosphere.  At some point in the future, much of the experimental wisdom will be refined into neat should’s and should not’s, must’s and must not’s.  Until then, success belongs to the intrepid explorers who aren’t afraid to try new things.  We salute you – and keep that wisdom coming!


 

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survey takerFirst consider the size and structure of the blogosphere.  The popularity of blogs has soared in the last few years.  There are now over 100 million blogs tracked by Technorati, which doesn’t even include the more than 70 million Chinese blogs.  According to recent demographic surveys by the Pew Internet Study and the New York Times / CBS News, blogs have become mainstream and represent virtually every audience and topic area. 

Blogs focused on a given topic tend to link to similar blogs.  What this means is you can use blogs to:

  • Develop an audience for your work while you write
  • Promote your book effectively and at low cost once it is written

A blog bears many resemblances to a book. Both have a title and subtitle that reflect the content of a book. Blog posts can be organized into categories which serve as a kind of table of contents to classify and group related material. Blog posts, typically 300-500 words in length, represent the raw content of a book. Links within posts or on the blog roll serve as a bibliography, showing references to source material.

man on soapboxHow do you attract people to your blog? Initially, through searches individuals make on popular search engine sites like Google, Yahoo, Ask and MSN. By using popular keywords in your blog title, subtitle, categories and posts, your blog will begin to turn up in these searches. You can discover these keywords using keyword discovery tools or simply checking out popular blogs in your topic area. The more you blog, the more others discover and link to your blog content, the higher will be the ranking of your blog site in search results, and the greater the traffic you will receive.

Blog software usually provides a basic set of statistics that allow you to track important information such as number of visitors, page views, referring sites and average time spent by each visitor. Page views and comments left by visitors for specific blog posts provide an indicator of popular content. This makes blogs an excellent way for you to field test and select material to be included in your book.

Once you have cultivated an audience, you can transform your blog into a great marketing platform. For example, you can:

  • Feature your book on a special blog page, with your bio, a book description, excerpts, press releases and testimonials; thus your blog can double as a book website.
  • Promote your book to a wider audience by arranging a blog tour.  A blog tour is a series of scheduled guest appearances on related blogs, where you have the opportunity to talk about your book. This is a low cost, high impact method to discover new readers for your work. 

The blogosphere is not the only place to market your work, but it can one of the best. 

manuscript by computerWhether you are publishing independently or trying to sign on with a traditional publisher, blogging can be key to your success. More publishers are now starting to view the blogosphere as a fertile ground to find promising writers. Why? As an author who blogs, you can quantify your audience and this is attractive to risk averse publishers.  This is, in essence, the new author book pitch.

Blogging is a low risk, low cost way to build your audience while you are developing your work, and then promote your finished book to that same audience. Give it a try!


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cable TVWe hear a lot these days that the media are becoming more fragmented.   There are more media outlets competing for the attention of smaller and ever more specialized audiences.  In some sense, media fragmentation is really audience fragmentation enabled by new technologies.  For example, cable TV has enabled hundreds of channels vs. a handful of networks, and these cater to very diverse audience interests. 

fragmented kaleidoscope-collageFor a medium like television such fragementation is a relatively recent occurrence.  But book publishers have been dealing with audience fragmentation far longer.  In fact, books represent the original fragmented medium.  The number of books published in the US and UK in 2006 was 190,000 and 130,000 repsectively.  A gauge of the fragmentation is the number of books in the bibliosphere which can be derived from the size of R. R. Bowker’s Books in Print database, which contains over 7.5 million records.  There are hundreds, perhaps thousands, of genres and sub genres with more being created every year.

book vendorThis has challenged publishers to find new ways to aggregate small audiences into a market with enough size to make a title profitable.  In this sense, the Internet is an ideal marketing medium.  Here are a few ways the web can be used by publishers to aggregate small adiences.

  • The first place to begin aggregating your audience is during the development of the title.   Using a blog to showcase your work acts as an audience magnet.  You can design your site and your posts to make it more likely to turn up in certain keyword searches.  You can measure the popularity of content (your posts) and determine what might be most effective in a title.  You can also see which sites and searches are referring traffic.  This can form the basis for understanding your audience long before the printed book is released.
  • Do some tag research to see whether your audience perceives your title the same you do.  Make a list of tags that you think best characterizes your book.  Then see what turns up when search for those tags on Amazon, LibraryThing or general bookmarking sites like del.icio.us.  Every set of tags has the potential to identify a new audience. 
  • Use your tag smarts to advertise more effectively online with tools like Google AdWords.
  • Take a blog tour (see Blog Touring 101) to sites whose audience and / or topic might be a good match for your book.  You can start with sites that already link to your blog and also use blog search engines to find those high authority, high traffic sites that can give your book broad exposure.  Blog tours are often overlooked.  But once you consider that blogs now represent some of the largest media properties in terms of audience size, you can see the benefits of using this lost cost tactic.
  • Use a book video to draw attention to your title and track who’s downloading it.  Adjust tags on the book video to test which tags attract the most downloads.  More clues to who your audience is and what they are interested in.

It’s nice to dream of publishing a book that sells millions of copies.  But the reality is that over 95 percent of books sells fewer than 100 copies.  This makes it imperative for every publisher to have a strategy for aggregating small markets into larger ones. 


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The Daring Book for Girls book coverThe bestselling book The Daring Book for Girls, by Andrea Buchanan and Miriam Peskowitz was published by HarperCollins October 30, 2007.  As part of the book launch publicity, the authors conducted a blog tour in October and November.  Some of the sites they visited included:  MothersTalk, Neatorama, Dr. Helen, DaddyDaze and HipMama.  This is another example demonstrating that many authors and some publishers are waking up to the use of blog tours as another publicity tool to help spread the buzz about pre-release or newly released titles. 

But this is still relatively new marketing territory.  Since I’ve been advising authors lately on the in’s and out’s of blog tours, I thought it might be useful to provide a short course in planning and executing a blog tour to kick off the new year. 

A blog tour is pretty simple in concept.  You find blogs whose readers might be interested in your title and you schedule virtual visits there.  The blog tour process can be divided into four steps:

  • Planning your tour
  • Finding and contacting blog owners
  • Conducting and tracking your tour
  • Publicizing your tour

Planning Your Tour

The first order of business is to decide how to target the audience for your book in the blogosphere.  You’ll want to determine all the keywords that characterize your audience and the topics or story of your title.  Then plug those keywords into various blog search engines to get a candidate list of blog sites for your tour.  You can also use lists of high traffic blogs such as those found on Forbes.com or specialty sites such as BlogFlux

Planning a blog tourAs part of the planning stage, you’ll also want to create a blog tour request e-mail.  This is something you’ll send to the blog owner to request either an interview, a book review, or in some cases, a live chat.  Be sure to include the benefits their readers could gain from learning more about your book.  As part of the preparation, you’ll want to have an author bio, book cover image, any testimonials and a pointer to the author’s blog or book website.  Be sure to have several excerpts ready to provide blog owners for posting.  (Note that some publishers will put limits on how much of your book they want to have excerpted prior to release.)  Blog owners who are conducting book reviews may want several chapters or an advance copy of the book.  If the book has been listed prior to release on sites like Amazon, provide links, as well as any other ordering information you think appropriate. 

In the case of e-mail interviews, you may want to have a list of potential questions ready for blog owners.  They are usually pressed for time and may appreciate the help. 

Finding & Contacting Blog Owners 

Once you have a list of candidate blogs, you’ll want to screen them for traffic and / or authority.  Authority, as used by Technorati,  is the number of blogs linking in during the last 6 months.)  Traffic statistics can sometimes be difficult to come by, so authority, which you can find on Technorati.com is a good proxy- the higher the authority, the better.  and generally, the higher the authority, the higher the traffic.  For popular topics, I would stick with blogs that have authority levels or 100 or higher.

Create a spreadsheet where each row contains the blog name, URL, blog owner name and e-mail address for each blog you are going to contact.   Also include fields for status, schedule date and any special notes you want to make.  Now you’re ready to send your request e-mail.  Be sure to respond quickly when a blog owner answers your request.  And don’t get discouraged if it takes awhile for some blog owners to respond.  Many blog owners use Google Gmail accounts or blog contact forms; they often don’t check these every day.

Scheduling & Tracking Your Tour 

Whenever possible, try to schedule your blog tour so that it straddles the release of your book and ties in with your other marketing efforts, e.g. a multi-city book tour or reviews in print publications.  This way it will provide the maximum amount of buzz as your title comes to market.  Of course, the schedule is driven to some extent by the blog owners, but let them know what dates you are shooting for.  Be sure to record the scheduled posting dates in your tracking spreadsheet.  This will let you see how concentrated or spread out your blog publicity efforts are becoming.

Publicizing Your Tour 

Finally, be sure to publicize your blog tour via press releases or by posting them on your blog or book website.  This will make others aware of where your book will be featured. 

blog tour road signsRemember, there is nothing magic about a blog tour.  It takes a lot of time and effort.  Be prepared to spend several hours per blog site that accepts your blog tour request.  But the buzz that you can create is worth the effort.  The great thing about an interview or review that appears on a blog is that it remains findable via search engines long after the title has gone to market.   For more detailed information about setting up blog tours, check out Steve Weber’s article in the PMA Independent.

So to all you courageous authors out there who want to leverage the viral powers of the Internet, good luck and happy touring!


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